8^th Global Summit on Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks June 18-19, 2020 Dubai, UAE

Cognitive Computing refers to the hardware and/or software that helps to improve human decision-making and mimics the functioning of the human brain. It refers to systems that can learn at scale, reason with purpose and interact with humans naturally. It comprises of software libraries and machine learning algorithms for extracting information and knowledge from unstructured data sources. The main is to accurate models of how the human brain/mind senses, reasons, and responds to stimulus. High performance computing infrastructure is powered by processors like multicore CPUs, GPUs, TPUs, and neuromorphic chips. They interact easily with users, mobile computing and cloud computing services so that those users can define their needs comfortably.

       Neural Informatics for Cognitive Computing

       Neural Information theory is a multidisciplinary enquiry of the physiological and biological representation of                         knowledge and information in the brain at the neuron level.

Machine learning is a part of artificial intelligence based on the idea that systems can learn from data, make decisions and identify designs with insignificant human intervention. Machine learning is a method for making a personal computer, a PC controlled robot, or a product think smartly, and within the comparative way the perceptive people think. They are normally grouped by either learning style or by comparison in method or function. It simplifies the continuous advancement of scheming through introduction to new scenarios, testing and adaptation, while employing pattern and trend detection for improved decisions in succeeding situations. ML gives possible arrangements in every one of these areas, and is set to be a support of our future progress.

Artificial Neural Networks is a computational model based on the structure and functions of biological neural networks. ANNs are considered nonlinear statistical data modelling tools where the complex relationships between inputs and outputs are modelled or patterns are found.

Modern Digital Computers outperform humans in the domain of numeric computation and related symbol manipulation. However, humans can effortlessly solve complex perpetual problems (like recognizing a man in a crowd from a mere glimpse of his face) at such a high speed and extend as to dwarf the world’s fastest computer. The biological neural system architecture is completely different. This difference significantly affects the type of functions each computational model can best perform.

Numerous efforts to develop intelligent programs based on von Neumann’s centralized  architecture have not resulted in general-purpose intelligent programs. Inspired by biological neural networks, ANNs are massively parallel computing systems consisting of an extremely large number of simple processors with many interconnections. ANN models attempt to use some organizational principles believed to be used in the human.

Ambient intelligence (AmI) deals with the computing devices, where physical environments interact intelligently and conservatively with people. These environments should be aware of people's needs, customizing requirements and forecasting behaviours. It can be diverse, such as homes, meeting rooms, offices, hospitals, schools, control centres, vehicles, etc. Artificial Intelligence research aims to include more intelligence in AmI environments, allowing better support for humans and access to the essential knowledge for making better decisions when interacting with these environments. 

Perceptron is a machine learning algorithm that helps to provide classified outcomes for computing. It is a kind of a single-layer artificial network with only one neuron and a classification algorithm that makes its predictions based on a linear predictor function combining a set of weights with the feature vector. 

Multilayer Perceptron is a class of feed forward artificial neural networks. And the layered feed forward networks are trained by using the static back-propagation training algorithm. For designing and training an MLP perceptron several issues are involved:

Mechatronics is combination or junction of Electrical, Mechanical, and Computer Science Engineering. Mechatronics is the closest to robotics with the slight and main difference in mechatronics systems inputs are provided whereas in robotics systems it acquires the inputs by their own.

A Mechanical Engineer is mostly responsible for the Mechanical body parts, Electrical/Computer Engineer for the Electrical aspect and Computer Engineer for Programming. And the Mechatronics Engineer must be pretty much qualified for every partition we discussed above.

Robotics is a very broad term; we must go through different application to understand it better.

Cloud computing is branch of information technology which grants universal access to shared pools of virtualised computer resources. A cloud can host different workloads, allows workloads to be scaled/deployed-out on-demand by rapid provisioning of physical or virtual  machines, self-recovering, supports redundant, and highly-scalable programming models and allows workloads to recover from hardware/software rebalance and failures allocations. 

Artificial Intelligence technology plays a very important role in Making resources available, Distribution transparency and Openness Scalability especially for Cloud Computing Application. Artificial intelligence and cloud computing will have an important impact on the development of information technology by mutually collaborating.

Autonomous robots are the intelligently capable machines which can perform the task under the control of a computer program. They are independent of any human controller and can act on their  own. The basic idea is to program the robot to respond a certain way to outside stimuli. The combined study of neuroscience, robotics, and artificial intelligence is called neurorobotics.

Parallel Processing reduces processing time by simultaneously breaking up and running program tasks on multiple microprocessors. There are more engines (CPUs) running, which makes the program run faster. It is particularly useful when running programs that perform complex computations, and it provides a viable option to the quest for cheaper computing alternatives. Supercomputers commonly have hundreds of thousands of microprocessors for this purpose. Parallel programming is an evolution of serial computing where the jobs are broken into discrete parts that can be executed concurrently. It is further broken down to a series of instructions and the instructions from each part execute simultaneously on different CPUs.

 ethics of artificial intelligence is the part of the ethics of technology specific to robots and other artificially intelligent beings. It is typically divided into robo ethics, a concern with the moral behaviour of humans as they design, construct, use and treat artificially intelligent beings, and machine ethics, which is concerned with the moral behaviour of artificial moral agents (AMAs).

Robot Ethics: 

The term "robot ethics" (robo ethics) refers to the morality of how humans design, construct, use and treat robots and other artificially intelligent beings. It considers both how artificially intelligent beings may be used to harm humans and how they may be used to benefit humans.

Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary research field that combines computer science, biology, science, statistics and mathematics in to a broad-based field that will have profound impacts on all fields of biology. It is the application of computer technology to the management of biological information.

Biocomputing is the computing which designs and constructs the computer containing biological components.

Ubiquitous computing is a branch of computing in computer science and software engineering where computing is made easier so that they can appear anytime and everywhere. It can occur using any device, in any location, and in any format.

Key features include:

• Use of Inexpensive processors which reduces the storage and memory requirements.
• Totally connected and constantly available computing devices and capturing of real time attributes.
• Focus on many-to-many relationships, instead of one-to-one, many-to-one or one-to-many in the environment, along with the idea of technology, which is constantly present.
• Relies on wireless technology, converging Internet and advanced electronics.